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In immunology, a memory B cell (MBC) is a kind of B lymphocyte that types part of the adaptive immune system. These cells develop inside germinal centers of the secondary lymphoid organs. Memory B cells circulate in the blood stream in a quiescent state, sometimes for many years. Their perform is to memorize the characteristics of the antigen that activated their parent B cell during initial infection such that if the memory B cell later encounters the same antigen, it triggers an accelerated and sturdy secondary immune response. Memory B cells have B cell receptors (BCRs) on their cell membrane, equivalent to the one on their mum or dad cell, that allow them to recognize antigen and mount a particular antibody response. In a T-cell dependent growth pathway, naïve follicular B cells are activated by antigen-presenting follicular B helper T cells (TFH) through the preliminary infection, Memory Wave or main immune response. B cells may even be activated by binding international antigen in the periphery the place they then transfer into the secondary lymphoid organs.

A signal transduced by the binding of the peptide to the B cell causes the cells to migrate to the edge of the follicle bordering the T cell area. The B cells internalize the foreign peptides, break them down, and express them on class II major histocompatibility complexes (MHCII), that are cell floor proteins. Throughout the secondary lymphoid organs, a lot of the B cells will enter B-cell follicles the place a germinal middle will kind. Most B cells will finally differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells within the germinal heart. The TFHs that categorical T cell receptors (TCRs) cognate to the peptide (i.e. particular for the peptide-MHCII advanced) on the border of the B cell follicle and T-cell zone will bind to the MHCII ligand. The T cells will then express the CD40 ligand (CD40L) molecule and can start to secrete cytokines which trigger the B cells to proliferate and to undergo class switch recombination, a mutation in the B cell's genetic coding that modifications their immunoglobulin sort.